LionでPostfix+Gmail
OSX LionにはPostfixがインストールされているんだけど、これを使ってgmail経由で送信する際に一筋縄では行かなかったのでメモ。
まず /etc/postfix/main.cf に以下を追記して、gmailの587番ポートに接続するよう設定する。
relayhost = [smtp.gmail.com]:587
smtp_use_tls = yes
smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
smtp_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous
smtp_sasl_mechanism_filter = plain
smtp_tls_security_level = secure
smtp_tls_CApath = /etc/postfix/certs
次に /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd にgmailアカウントの情報を記述する（YOUR.ACCOUNTとYOUR_PASSWORD部分は自分のものに書き換える）。
[smtp.gmail.com]:587 YOUR.ACCOUNT@gmail.com:YOUR_PASSWORD
そしてpostmapでデータベースを作成し、元のファイルは削除する。
# postmap /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
# rm /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd
次に、GmailのSSL証明書を取得する。下記がコマンドの出力結果（＋注釈）だけど、 注釈の通り証明書の鍵部分を /etc/postfix/certs/gmail.pem と /etc/postfix/certs/equifax.pem に保存する。
$ openssl s_client -connect pop.gmail.com:995 -showcerts
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=1 /C=US/O=Google Inc/CN=Google Internet Authority
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
verify return:0
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Google Inc/CN=pop.gmail.com
i:/C=US/O=Google Inc/CN=Google Internet Authority
### ここから
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
### ここまでを /etc/postfix/certs/gmail.pem に保存
1 s:/C=US/O=Google Inc/CN=Google Internet Authority
i:/C=US/O=Equifax/OU=Equifax Secure Certificate Authority
### ここから
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIICsDCCAhmgAwIBAgIDC2dxMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAME4xCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVT
MRAwDgYDVQQKEwdFcXVpZmF4MS0wKwYDVQQLEyRFcXVpZmF4IFNlY3VyZSBDZXJ0
aWZpY2F0ZSBBdXRob3JpdHkwHhcNMDkwNjA4MjA0MzI3WhcNMTMwNjA3MTk0MzI3
WjBGMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzETMBEGA1UEChMKR29vZ2xlIEluYzEiMCAGA1UEAxMZ
R29vZ2xlIEludGVybmV0IEF1dGhvcml0eTCBnzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOBjQAw
gYkCgYEAye23pIucV+eEPkB9hPSP0XFjU5nneXQUr0SZMyCSjXvlKAy6rWxJfoNf
NFlOCnowzdDXxFdF7dWq1nMmzq0yE7jXDx07393cCDaob1FEm8rWIFJztyaHNWrb
qeXUWaUr/GcZOfqTGBhs3t0lig4zFEfC7wFQeeT9adGnwKziV28CAwEAAaOBozCB
oDAOBgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAQYwHQYDVR0OBBYEFL/AMOv1QxE+Z7qekfv8atrjaxIk
MB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFEjmaPkr0rKV10fYIyAQTzOYkJ/UMBIGA1UdEwEB/wQIMAYB
Af8CAQAwOgYDVR0fBDMwMTAvoC2gK4YpaHR0cDovL2NybC5nZW90cnVzdC5jb20v
Y3Jscy9zZWN1cmVjYS5jcmwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADgYEAuIojxkiWsRF8YHde
BZqrocb6ghwYB8TrgbCoZutJqOkM0ymt9e8kTP3kS8p/XmOrmSfLnzYhLLkQYGfN
0rTw8Ktx5YtaiScRhKqOv5nwnQkhClIZmloJ0pC3+gz4fniisIWvXEyZ2VxVKfml
UUIuOss4jHg7y/j7lYe8vJD5UDI=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
### ここまでを /etc/postfix/certs/equifax.pem に保存
---
Server certificate
subject=/C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Google Inc/CN=pop.gmail.com
issuer=/C=US/O=Google Inc/CN=Google Internet Authority
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 1714 bytes and written 316 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is RC4-SHA
Server public key is 1024 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
SSL-Session:
Protocol : TLSv1
Cipher : RC4-SHA
Session-ID: 763AA8A1EF5D5DDDF4C2B21BFBFF07D9F823908254EB257FA06E9B90A64F7199
Session-ID-ctx:
Master-Key: 903CDFFC9EE4A6ACDC636BE72F8A82AFE7E088DA74918789653DC25978D4123F9333E2C6DE8F42A913C9A9CFE66857A3
Key-Arg : None
Start Time: 1323177726
Timeout : 300 (sec)
Verify return code: 0 (ok)
---
+OK Gpop ready for requests from 113.197.147.115 o7pf55469179pbh.0
c_rehashでエイリアスを作成。
# c_rehash /etc/postfix/certs
次に /etc/postfix/submit.cred を作成する。
# vim /etc/postfix/submit.cred
submitcred version 1
hostname|username|password
# chmod 600 /etc/postfix/submit.cred
以上で設定は終わったので、launchctlに登録する。
# vim /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.postfix.master.plist
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>Label</key>
<string>org.postfix.master</string>
<key>OnDemand</key>
<false/>
<key>Program</key>
<string>/usr/libexec/postfix/master</string>
<key>ProgramArguments</key>
<array>
<string>master</string>
</array>
<key>QueueDirectories</key>
<array>
<string>/var/spool/postfix/maildrop</string>
</array>
<key>KeepAlive</key>
<true/>
<key>RunAtLoad</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</plist>
# launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.postfix.master.plist
# launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.postfix.master.plist
これでメールが送信できるようになったはずなので、mailコマンドで送信してみる。
$ date | mail -s "Hello" "test.to@example.com"
ログは /var/logs/mail.log に吐かれる。
$ tail -f /var/logs/mail.log
キューはmailqで確認。
$ mailq
キューに溜まっているメールが削除したければpostsuper -dを実行。
# postsuper -d ALL
certificate verification failed が出たら
上記のようにSSLの設定をしても、次のようなエラーが出るかもしれない（実際自分は出た）。
certificate verification failed for smtp.gmail.com[74.125.53.109]:587: untrusted issuer /C=US/O=Equifax/OU=Equifax Secure Certificate Authority
1DD8918C646A: Server certificate not trusted
certificate verification failed for smtp.gmail.com[74.125.53.108]:587: untrusted issuer /C=US/O=Equifax/OU=Equifax Secure Certificate Authority
1DD8918C646A: to=<test.to@example.com>, relay=smtp.gmail.com[74.125.53.108]:587, delay=380, delays=363/0.07/17/0, dsn=4.7.5, status=deferred (Server certificate not trusted)
その場合は Fixing Postfix “certificate verification failed for gmail untrusted issuer” Error Message に書かれているEquifaxとThawteの2つの証明書をコピーしてくる。
# vim /etc/postfix/certs/equifax.pem
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
# vim /etc/postfix/certs/thawte.pem
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
もう一度c_rehashでエイリアスを作成してpostfixを再起動する。
# c_rehash /etc/postfix/certs
# launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.postfix.master.plist
# launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.postfix.master.plist
equifax.pemは前述の通り最新の情報で作成したけど、なぜか内容が異なっている。でもこれで動いている。Thawteはもう使えなくなったというから使われないはずだし…。ちょっとよくわかっていない。